Until recently, the only commercial BTV vaccines that were widely available were live virus strains that had been attenuated by multiple passage in embryonated hens' eggs and passage or plaque cloning in mammalian cell cultures.
In order to make meaningful comparisons of sequence data derived from tissue culture adapted isolates of BTV, it is important to know the effect that virus isolation and multiple passage in embryonated chicken eggs and mammalian cell cultures may have on the RNA sequence of individual genome segments.
We also evaluated the genetic stability of the CVB4/p24 733) recombinant after multiple passages in cell culture, at low multiplicities.
Non-pathogenic Lawsonia intracellularis variants have been obtained through multiple passages in cell culture but there is no information regarding the number of passages necessary to attenuate a pathogenic isolate.
Prior to introduction of NPs, cells were slowly weaned to the 10, 25, or 50%% serum conditions through the course of multiple passages in order to ensure that measured effects were not due to cellular shock from a new environment.
Engineered vector constructs were examined for replication, encapsidation, GFP expression during multiple passages in protoplasts, and for their ability to infect, move, express GFP, and be maintained in citrus plants.
There's been much debate over whether Islam lends itself to religious strife more than other religions, principally because multiple passages in the Quran can be interpreted as exhorting believers to wage holy war against unbelievers, which, of course, can include those deviants who say they're Muslims but really aren't.
All isolated clones were viable and proliferated over multiple passages in classical culture conditions.
The SD56 hNSCs differentiated into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes throughout multiple passages in vitro, as well as after transplantation.
We tested whether CD184+/CD271−/CD44−/CD24+ NSC maintained expression of NSC markers and maintained neurogenic potential after multiple passages in culture (Fig. S4).
The current USDA licensed vaccine, live E. ictaluri AQUAVAC-ESC® (Intervet Inc ., has been selected by multiple passages in increased concentrations of the antibiotic rifampicin [21], [22], [23].
