Sentence examples for multiple oxide states from inspiring English sources

Importantly, it can provide multiple oxide states for reversible redox process [17].

Recently, some bimetallic oxides, such as NiCo2O4 [17 20]–20], ZnCo2O4 [22] 22], NiMoO4 [23], and CoMoO4 [25] 25], have been developed as a new electrode material used for supercapacitors because of their excellent electrical conductivity and multiple oxidation states (as compared with the binary metal oxides) for reversible Faradaic reactions [26].

Among these metal oxides, molybdenum oxides and cobalt oxides are the promising candidates for applications due to its high redox activity, multiple oxidation states, high theoretical specific capacitance, reversible small ions storage and low cost [11].

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy studies showed the presence of multiple oxidation states of Mn and Mo and the polymolybdate in the sealed anodic oxide layer respectively.

The actinoids generally show multiple oxidation states.

Mn oxides are environmentally ubiquitous with multiple Mn oxidation states and an important source of reactive mineral surfaces in the environment.

3. Reducing roasts, which lower the oxide state or even completely reduce an oxide to a metal.

Metals with high oxidation states form oxides whose bonds have a more covalent nature.

Tantalum forms oxides with the oxidation states +5 (Tand5) and +4 (TaO2).

Thallium forms its oxides in two different oxidation states, +1 (Tl2O) and +3 (Tl2O3).

Legacy software may exist in multiple states with multiple contributors over multiple years.