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Males of many species perform elaborate displays in which multiple ornaments feature prominently.
Despite the widespread occurrence of multiple ornaments, and the theoretical interest in how they are maintained by selection, there have been few experimental studies of the phenomenon.
Signaling theory proposes different hypotheses to explain the evolution of multiple ornaments [21], [22].
The fact that both traits could simultaneously signal the state of the antioxidant machinery also supports the hypothesis that multiple ornaments act as redundant ("back-up") signals [23].
The results highlight the capacity of oxidative stress to create multiple phenotypes during development through differential effects on carotenoids and melanins, raising questions about evolutionary constraints involved in the production of multiple ornaments by the same organism.
The possibility that the production of both kinds of ornaments rely on the same organismal resources (i.e., antioxidants) challenges the assumption that the information content of carotenoid- and melanin-based signals qualitatively differ [12] and has implications for understanding how multiple ornaments are integrated in developmental processes [50].
Similar(54)
Male junglefowl, Gallus gallus, possess multiple fleshy ornaments, which feature prominently during food-related displays (tidbitting).
Many animals have multiple sexual ornaments, a fact variously explained as signalling of multiple attributes, or nonadaptive retention of now redundant, but previously informative, signals.
You can see it here too in the fairs' imagined homes of the future: individual rooms took on multiple functions, ornament was stripped away, and the lugubrious weight of pre-modern furnishings was lifted, creating economical designs that soon became the standard for postwar suburban developments.
Despite simple rules, a complex world of forms arises at multiple scales: between ornament and structure, between order and chaos, foreign and yet familiar: a digital grotesque.
The tall stone or brick and plaster gates are shaped like a candi-tower split down the centre; they are usually encrusted with ornament based upon deep multiple curlicues interspersed with simplified, two-dimensional relief figure sculpture.
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