Several additional NPKs involved in the starvation response of multiple organisms, such as the atmA and pkpA were also identified as being required for growth on cellulose and endocellulolytic enzyme production.
The accumulation of large-scale interaction data on multiple organisms, such as protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions, requires novel computational techniques that will be able to analyze these data together with information collected through other means.
Marine biofilms (microbial mats, floating biofilms, and aggregates) are unique ecological niches within which multiple organisms, such as invertebrates, sessile plants, and animals, attach and grow on a surface submerged in the ocean via a dynamic process (Cooksey and Wigglesworthcooksey 1995; Lee et al. 2014).
In addition, phiC31 integrase has been also used in the construction and manipulation of multiple model organisms, such as Drosophila [14], [15], [16], [17], Xenopus [18], and mice [19], [20].
Thousands of genes have been identified as essential genes in multiple model organisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Mus musculus [ 5- 7].
For CRISPR/Cas9, 23 software tools have been released since last year, some of which may deal with multiple model organisms, such as E-CRISP [ 104] and CRISPR-PLANT [ 105].
This observation has been reported in multiple eukaryotic organisms such as yeasts (Carvunis et al. 2012), fruitflies (Domazet-Lošo and Tautz 2003) and primates (Cai and Petrov 2010), and it is further supported by a positive correlation between protein length and sequence conservation (Lipman et al. 2002) (see above).
Bacterial motility response toward oxygen as an electron acceptor has been studied extensively in multiple organisms, and transducers such as Aer have also been identified (Taylor et al. 1999).
In the multiple DCL protein-containing organisms such as Drosophila and A. thaliana, they function in distinct RNA silencing pathways with overlapping specificity [ 79].
Amniotic fluid cultures from pregnancies complicated by chorioamnionitis have shown multiple organisms from the vaginal flora, such as Streptococcus agalactiae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, anaerobes, and E. coli (1 ).
Network analysis tools such as graph-theoretic analysis [ 6] and hierarchal clustering algorithms [ 12] were also adapted to compare domain organizations across multiple organisms.
