Williams and coworkers identified ssDNA MRE target for herbicide, atrazine, with 2.1-fold higher binding affinity to atrazine than to a closely related herbicide, simazine, by introducing multiple negative selection rounds and increasing stringency during the selection [ 14].
The study of genomic selection patterns can identify crop genomic regions under negative selection across multiple environments and cultivar wild crosses that might be applicable in transgene mitigation strategies.
In return migration, negative selection is manifested in multiple aspects including ability, post-migration human capital investment, and income.
Strong negative selection on genes with multiple copies could result from the initial importance of these genes.
Here, various subsets of medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) and DCs are involved in multiple aspects of T-cell development, including negative selection and thymic emigration 10– 10.
Noncanonical amino acid tRNA synthetases are typically generated using multiple alternating rounds of lethal positive and negative selection and they have been used for a diverse assortment of scientific exploration in many different cell types and animals.
mAISs differ from conventional AISs in that multiple-detector sets are evolved concurrently via negative selection.
In VAAST 2.0, we have extended this severity parameter by using an additional conservation measurement, PhastCons Yang, 1995 scores; these scores estimate the probability that the locus is under negative selection and are calculated using multiple species nucleotide alignments.
We observed more indels of three or six bases (Additional file 6: Figure S6B), probably due to the negative selection of sizes not equal to multiples of three bases in coding sequences because they cause deleterious frame shift mutations.
We performed multiple analyses to differentiate the different types of selective pressures acting in MEPE: (i) positive versus negative selection, and (ii) stabilizing (selection that tends to maintain the overall biochemistry of the protein) versus destabilizing selection (selection that results in radical structural or functional shifts in local regions of the protein).
