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The median of all reported nausea rates was calculated when multiple nausea rates were available for a medication.
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In addition, aggregating nausea rates across multiple labels for the same active ingredient was challenging due to inconsistencies or redundancies in the information.
The number of nausea rates identified exceeded the number of medications as multiple rates may be reported for a single medication label and/or medications may have multiple brand products with product-specific labels.
Lognormality of the distribution of the reporting ratio was assessed based on a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (α = 0.05).. Confidence intervals for PLM nausea rates were calculated using the Clopper-Pearson exact method, and adjusted for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni adjustment.
In cases where the medication label nausea rate falls outside of the associated 95% confidence interval based on PLM data, treatments are colored red, identifying instances in which drug label nausea rates and PLM nausea rates were identified as having notable differences, after accounting for multiple comparisons.
Fig. 3 PatientsLikeMe nausea rates versus medication label nausea rates.
Nausea rates from pediatric studies were excluded.
Fig. 4 Bonferroni-adjusted confidence internals for PLM nausea rates versus medication label nausea rates.
The reporting ratio of PLM nausea rates to medication label nausea rates was defined for all treatments with non-zero medication label nausea rates.
In total, 60 drugs were identified as having label nausea rates significantly higher than PLM nausea rates, and 10 drugs were identified as having label nausea rates significantly lower than PLM nausea rates.
To compare the degree of over or underreporting of nausea rates among patients from PLM relative to the rates reported in medication labels, the reporting ratio was calculated as the ratio of PLM nausea rates to medication label nausea rates.
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