Sentence examples for multiple matings by from inspiring English sources

In Nasonia, post-copulatory behaviour by males greatly reduces female receptivity to future mating, making multiple matings by females uncommon and sperm competition relatively unimportant in this system (Leonard and Boake, 2008; Whiting, 1967).

The results from that study indicated that while species with mating systems that include multiple copulations by males has no evolutionary impact on relative brain size, mating systems with multiple matings by females do influence brain size evolution.

Another possibility is if snail females benefit from multiple matings by receiving nuptial gift in the form of parasperm [23], [24].

Males can improve their reproductive success by preventing multiple matings by females, increasing the number of offspring produced, and hastening female oviposition, as a result of reduced sperm competition with other males [ 4].

In such cases, sperm competition is dependent on multiple matings by the female and may be influenced by efforts of males to displace sperm from prior matings or to guard females against subsequent matings [ 29].

Polyandry, i.e. multiple-mating by females, is known to be widespread across the animal kingdom [1], [2].

Last, the fitness costs to females by multiple matings and male harassment were investigated by comparing individually housed mated females and mated females exposed to males.

In addition, the cost to females of mating, multiple matings, and male harassment to females was evaluated.

These costs may be due to the act of mating itself and/or sexual harassment by males during multiple matings.

During a process of multiple matings the oestrus female may be raped by competing males she does not favour; yet she may experience an orgasm and an infant may also result.

However the claim that the substantial direct costs of multiple matings to females can be compensated for by their offspring acquiring indirect genetic benefits or "good genes" has been questioned by recent studies [16], [17].