In these experiments, TRAIL has induced apoptosis in multiple malignant cell lines, derived from both solid and hematologic malignancies [ 28– 30].
EIC exhibits single or multiple layers of malignant cells that have replaced the endometrial surface epithelium or gland.
A significant subset of γδ T cells express a TCR composed of V9 and V2 chains, which can recognize multiple targets on malignant cells, such as the complex of apolipoprotein A1 (andA1) and F1-ATPase.
This overlapping functional impact of multiple miRNAs adds an increased layer of complexity when attempting to elucidate their biological role; however, this property could also increase our confidence in the biological importance of affected genes and pathways, given that there are multiple mechanisms that malignant cells exploit to activate or inhibit the same gene or pathway.
Tumours are made up of a mixed population of different types of cells that include normal structures as well as ones associated with the malignancy, and there are multiple interactions between the malignant cells and the local microenvironment.
Moreover, HIF signaling in malignant cells influences multiple steps within the metastatic cascade.
Proteasome inhibitors are known to be particularly cytotoxic to malignant cells via multiple mechanisms [7], [35].
Interactions between malignant cells and multiple other components of a tumour are widely recognized to be important for cancer biology (55).
However crude plant extracts may be more effective anticancer agents, as they have been found to activate multiple apoptotic pathways to combat malignant cells.
RNA extracted from purified luminal, myoepithelial and malignant cells from multiple donors was profiled using a multi-platform expression analysis, involving a combination of massively parallel signature sequencing and four different array-based genome-wide methods [ 12].
