The presence of nearly identical plasmids in multiple isolates belonging to a single PFGE profile suggest that the ColV plasmid has been transferred to S. Kentucky in a single rare event, and that clonal expansion has subsequently occurred resulting in a prominent clonal type of S. Kentucky harboring a ColV plasmid in poultry.
However, the potential variable regulation observed between the isolates in this study is a clear indication that multiple isolates need to be examined before drawing firm conclusions regarding the extent of a regulon or modulon in an organism, and the role of that modulon in virulence.
The rapid decrease in sequencing costs now makes it possible to re-sequence multiple PST isolates to further characterize its pathogenicity arsenal.
Genome sequencing of multiple isolates allowed us to determine a genome-based phylogeny of E. faecium and to accurately quantify the substantial genomic diversity between strains in this species.
The study sample consisted of 111 isolates of ST239 and closely related variants, selected from multiple isolate collections to maximize genetic, geographic, and temporal diversity.
Binding of a number of CEBFs, which were isolated as multiple isolates (Table 1), to the CE1 element was confirmed in yeast.
In the case where multiple isolates are linked to the same outbreak (e.g. outbreak 129 547 in Table 1), some pairs are established with isolates at rank ≤2.
We have two outbreaks represented by multiple isolates, from which to examine the accumulation of SNPs during the course of an outbreak.
Due to the retrospective nature of this study we were unable to sequence multiple isolates from the same host to assess the 'cloud of variation' (the extent of genetic heterogeneity) present in the population colonizing each host (Harris et al, 2013; Young et al, 2012).
In order to breed for a broad-spectrum durable host resistance, the selected QTL must be able to confer resistance to multiple isolates of a pathogen, act stably under different environment conditions, explain a large percentage of the phenotypic variation (major-effect QTL), and be confirmed in different mapping populations [ 15].
