For some proteins (e.g., tetraspans, G proteins, ATP-binding complex proteins), multiple internal noncontiguous stretches of hydrophobic amino acids causes proteins to span the cell membrane several times.
Interestingly, proteins with multiple internal disordered segments have even shorter half-lives than proteins with a single segment.
α-Lactalbumin was chosen to demonstrate the usefulness of EC/MS for studying proteins containing multiple internal disulfide bonds.
However, the cystic nature of the mass is more easily appreciated on CT, probably because of the hemorrhage or protein content and multiple internal septations.
All remaining internal proteins were found to contain multiple characteristic sites: M1 (3 sites), M2 (9 sites), NS1 (6 sites) and NEP/NS2 (3 sites), as shown in Figure 4.
Various conventional approaches for protein co-expression have been utilized such as the use of multiple internal promoters, internal ribosome entry sites (IRESes), messenger RNA splicing, fusion proteins, and post-translational proteolysis.
Such bow tie structures contain multiple source and target proteins and, in most cases, internal proteins that process the transduced signals.
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disorder of unknown origin, characterized by an excessive deposition of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins on the skin as well as multiple internal organs, alterations in microvasculature, and humoral and cellular abnormalities [ 7].
Thus, only ubiquitin, by virtue of multiple internal modifiable lysines is capable of forming conjugated polymeric chains on target proteins.
Classical coinfection experiments, or reverse genetics experiments that tested multiple gene combinations of 2 parental viruses, suggest that the genes encoding the "internal proteins"—namely, RNA polymerase (PB2, PB1, PA), nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein (M1, M2), and nonstructural protein (NS1, NS2/NEP also contribute to host range.
