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There are very few areas that are vulnerable according to multiple indicators, the most notable being Fennoscandia and the Alps (food and diversity) and pockets of France, Austria and Hungary (food, biodiversity and diversity).
Since the assumption of normality was violated for multiple indicators, the sample variance-covariance matrix was analyzed, using maximum likelihood estimation with standard errors and a mean-adjusted Chi Square test statistic that are robust to non-normality (MLR) [ 24, 28, 30] (data available upon request).
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In essence, they can be viewed as a weighted index based on multiple indicators where the weights correspond to the degree to which individual indicators reflect the underlying common construct.
The study of multiple indicators adopted the former approach.
Multiple indicators of the psychosocial adjustment of 796 individuals in the UK aged between 26 92 years with lower limb amputations were assessed.
This approach emphasises the need to take detailed assessment of the context (and indeed multiple contexts) in which the trait expression is to be observed and multiple indicators of the type of behaviour under study.
But remember that latents like η3A might never be modelable if both y5 and y6 are used as multiple indicators in the model.
These 'single indicator' children differ from 'two or more indicator' children (i.e., those individuals for whom there is some agreement on multiple indicators of the presence of a health problem) both demographically and in terms of health status measures.
However, given the need for a manageable number of indicators that are simple and easy to apply (Krajnc and Glavič 2003), the use of multiple indicators could render the measurement process of eco-innovations complex and unmanageable.
Briefly, the IFLS assesses multiple indicators at both the individual and household levels.
We used multiple indicators to assess the effects of the criminalization of HIV exposure/transmission on HIV ART adherence.
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