Multiple independent measurements were performed.
Data were compared using a two-way ANOVA using Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) test for multiple and independent measures, with a factor for group (2 levels) and a factor for time (8 levels).
Applying these criteria, in combination with the fact that several studies reported multiple independent experiments or measures of survival for multiple stages, yielded a total of 39 independent assessments of the effects of Bt proteins on honeybee survival (Table 1).
Another challenge is when a multiplex approach is required, where multiple independent quantities are measured for each single cell.
In the comparison between the MCI individuals and OCs, both the training and the validation cohorts demonstrated similar AUC values indicating the reliability of these measures across multiple independent cohorts.
Myocardial function was measured at multiple, independent end points.
The use of multiple independent acquisitions for each of the measuring points would have certainly strengthened the statistical robustness of each measurement, especially when the radioactive concentration in the spheres was less than 1 MBq mL−1.
The reliability of the practice effects was evaluated using multiple t-tests (two-tailed, repeated measures for within-group comparisons, independent measures for between group comparisons), corrected for multiple comparisons (familywise p<.05) using Holm's sequential Bonferroni procedure.
The predicted deleterious effect of each nsSNP was measured taking into account multiple independent parameters including sequence conservation, effect on structural stability, proximity to phosphorylation sites, glycosylation sites and disulphide bonds (see Supporting Information S1).
Using mixed-effects modeling with multiple independent variables, these studies have revealed that continuous measures of cross-linguistic similarity are indeed predictive of bilinguals' responses in L2 tasks.
