Sentence examples for multiple independent gains from inspiring English sources

Multiple independent gains of the non-canonical code, as hypothesized for ciliates, are also unlikely because the same deviant code has evolved in all lineages.

Character histories of six morphological traits indicate that their evolution followed a rather complex pattern of multiple independent gains (and losses).

Both reconstruction approaches also indicated that the evolution of adult intestinal complexity followed a complex pattern of multiple independent gains and one loss within both major freshwater clades.

We discuss several alternative scenarios for the origin of this complex distribution of the non-canonical code: phylogenetic uncertainty, gain-reversal hypothesis, multiple independent gains and stepwise acquisition model.

In a few families, we find deep and conserved gains of salt tolerance, but in the majority of families analyzed, we find that the pattern of salt tolerant species is best explained by multiple independent gains that occur near the tips of the phylogeny and often give rise to only one or a few halophytes.

GH32 sequences from these Basidiomycota classes did not form a monophyletic group in the GH32 group 1 phylogeny, and instead exhibited a punctate distribution across the gene phylogeny, possibly due to the difficulty of reconstructing the phylogeny because of the small size of the sequenced fragment or due to multiple independent gains by horizontal transfer.

Model refinements based on insights gained from the EF-1α phylogeny reduce uncertainty but still imply several equally likely possibilities: a primitive EF-1α state with multiple independent EFL gains or coexistence of both genes in the ancestor of the Viridiplantae or Chlorophyta followed by differential loss of one or the other gene in the various lineages.

We find that orthologous proteins display diverse domain architectures, suggestive of multiple independent events involving gains and losses of domains.

Greater insight can instead be gained by exploring multiple independent networks and by choosing an appropriate metric on each network.

Unlike independent gain of the Na+ ligands in multiple lineages, multiple independent losses of subsets of these ligands appear plausible and could have led to the multiple transitions to proton translocation, provided that the membranes in the respective organisms became proton-tight.

However, integrating multiple independent datasets and mapping such datasets across species and gaining biological insight are challenging.