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Both resistant and susceptible lines induced multiple immune pathways in the spleen.
Using a previously published microarray dataset [33], we discovered direct engagement and activation of multiple immune pathways by 3O-C12, with 21/30 over-represented pathways related to immune processes involved in cell activation and cytokine production (Table 1).
We now conclude that upregulation of OXPHOS, protein processing pathways, multiple immune pathways, and nucleotide metabolism occurs in both missense and liver-conditional knockout Pdss2 mice.
It appears therefore that imiquimod links multiple immune pathways and of these IFN-α plays a consistent but not exclusive role.
Diseases such as T1D and lupus nephritis, which have proven refractory to treatment with standard immunosuppression and single biologic agents, might require a more complex approach using combinations that target multiple immune pathways.
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However, there is ample evidence that the autophagy pathway actually feeds into multiple immune response pathways, particularly the MHC Class II pathway, and late-expressed EBV proteins are presented by MHC Class II in an autophagy-dependent manner (Puleston and Simon, 2014).
We identified 25 pathways that were highly significantly decreased in improvers post-treatment (FDR <1%%), including multiple immune response pathways such as interleukin and interferon signaling (Fig. 4d).
Multiple immune response pathways including specific molecular targets of abatacept were significantly downregulated in improvers post-treatment but were unchanged in non-improver and placebo groups.
This analysis revealed many pathways as relevant to sepsis diagnosis, particularly immune activation: Both SIRS and sepsis non-survivors had lower gene expression levels across multiple immune activation pathways.
It has also been suggested that a timely resolution of myocardial inflammation following MI is not a default process, but requires the coordinated activation of multiple inhibitory immune pathways [ 49– 51].
These studies have highlighted the contribution of multiple immune and cellular pathways to Crohn's disease pathogenesis, particularly those involved in microbial defense (Jostins et al., 2012; Lassen et al., 2014; Murthy et al., 2014; Sadaghian Sadabad et al., 2014).
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multiple immune derangements
multiple immune correlates
multiple immune models
multiple immune mediators
multiple immune parameters
multiple immune mechanisms
multiple immune genes
multiple immune stimuli
multiple possible pathways
multiple immune defects
multiple immune suppressions
multiple molecular pathways
multiple cellular pathways
multiple immune disorders
multiple immune signals
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