Increased levels of fascin-1 transcript have been reported in multiple human carcinomas (e.g. [10], [13]).
Because fascin up-regulation correlates with poor prognosis and metastatic progression in multiple human carcinomas, fascin is emerging as an attractive potential therapeutic target.
Previous studies have reported that chemical hypoxia can induce strong doxorubicin resistance through HIF-1 upregulation in multiple human carcinomas.
To understand whether REGγ is a tumor-associated protein, we examined REGγ expression levels in multiple human carcinomas.
The humanized version of PankoMab has been shown to react to the tumor expressed MUC-1 in multiple human carcinomas, although no clinical trials have been published [ 42].
Fascin is an actin-bundling protein that is absent from most normal epithelia yet is upregulated in multiple forms of human carcinoma, where its expression correlates clinically with a poor prognosis.
Consistently, SAG was found to be overexpressed in multiple human cancer tissues including carcinomas of the lung, colon, stomach, and liver, and SAG overexpression correlates with poor survival of lung cancer patients.
Recently, mutation of a novel oncogene, PIK3CA, was discovered in multiple human epithelial cancers, including endometrial carcinoma (Oda et al, 2005; Hayes et al, 2006; Velasco et al, 2006); this oncogene encodes the catalytic p110 α subunit of PI3K in various cancers (Samuels et al, 2004).
This includes multiple human tumor cell lines including glioblastoma, melanoma, ovarian carcinoma, prostatic carcinoma, and breast carcinomas).
We conclude that simultaneous analysis of multiple polypeptides in human carcinomas can be achieved by 2-DE and may be useful in prognostic studies, and that malignant progression of breast carcinomas results in the decreased expression of cytokeratin polypeptides.
