Sentence examples for multiple effector molecules from inspiring English sources

Both TSCM and TMNP cells, which express naive T cell markers (CD45RA+CD45RO−CCR7+CD62L+), respond rapidly to antigens, express multiple effector molecules and produce memory and effector cells.

We and others previously reported that host preconditioning with CTX or TBI allows adoptively transferred tumor-specific CD4+ T cells to differentiate into polyfunctional effector cells characterized by their ability to concomitantly express multiple effector molecules including CD40L, IFNγ, IL-2, TNFα and granzyme B11,25,26,27.

The advent of multiparameter flow cytometry, allowing the simultaneous measurement of multiple effector molecules, has led to an emphasis on T-cell response "quality" or "functional heterogeneity" rather than "quantity" or "magnitude" of IFNγ responses alone [19].

The mechanisms underlying this switch are steadily being delineated, as regulation of the multiple effector molecules that are coupled to TGFβ are identified and characterized (reviewed in [ 47]).

Several lines of evidence show that TACC family members comprise adaptor proteins, by which these members act as a hub to interact with multiple effector molecules [11 14].

In humans, our data are consistent with previous studies suggesting that TCR-induced death involves multiple effector molecules, and clearly includes components other than FAS or BIM that remain to be elucidated[ 22].

Predictably, DsbA disruption affects multiple downstream effector molecules, resulting in pleiotropic effects on the virulence of important human pathogens.

Although previous studies have revealed multiple potential effector molecules in MSC-mediated immunosuppression, including IDO, prostaglandin E2, transforming growth factor- β1, IL-10, heme oxygenase-1, hepatocyte growth factor, iNOS, IL-6, LIF, galectins, and soluble HLA-G5, these studies focused mostly on either human MSCs or mouse MSCs.

The signaling potential of multiple growth factors is mediated through effector molecules such as PI3K/AKT, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and JAK/Stat3, and governs survival and proliferation of normal and of tumor cells.

The listed inducer cytokines activate key transcriptional regulators that define the multiple CD4+ lineages specialized for producing various effector molecules; genes not found in cartilaginous fishes are struck through.

The efficacy of these responses relies on multiple effector functions such as the secretion of antimicrobial molecules and the direct killing of infected cells by effector lymphocytes [1].