Sentence examples for multiple downstream effectors from inspiring English sources

Since FGF signaling can lead to the activation of multiple downstream effectors, each of which can participate in other signaling pathways, efforts to specifically control the FGF pathway have necessarily focused on the most upstream components.

Inactivation of PTEN causes constitutively activated levels of AKT, thus promoting cell growth, proliferation, survival, and migration through multiple downstream effectors.

While it has been known for some time that these receptors signal through multiple downstream effectors (such as heterotrimeric G proteins and multifunctional beta arrestin adapter proteins), over the past decade it has been better appreciated that these receptors are capable of signaling with different efficacies to these effectors, a phenomenon referred to as "biased agonism".

Thus, induction of perichondral ossification by Ihh likely involves multiple downstream effectors, and a full understanding of the process requires further investigation.

Active GTP-bound Ras triggers multiple downstream effectors that lead to activation of diverse signaling cascades resulting in changes in cellular behavior.

GTP-bound Rho proteins interact with multiple downstream effectors to elicit a variety of cellular responses including cytoskeletal reorganization, gene transcription, cell cycle regulation, and vesicular traffic [ 24].

Predictably, DsbA disruption affects multiple downstream effector molecules, resulting in pleiotropic effects on the virulence of important human pathogens.

Mutant KRAS activates multiple downstream effector pathways, resulting in the uncontrolled growth, proliferation, and survival of cancer cells (Fig. 1).

In normal cells, Ras proteins are only transiently activated, which then act on multiple downstream effector pathways to regulate cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation.

The existence of multiple downstream effector pathways that converge on common biological outcomes suggests that these pathways might function redundantly to some extent and thus provide robustness.

24– 26 Similar to KRAS, activated Ral-GTP interacts with multiple downstream effector proteins including RalBP1, which promotes membrane ruffling and filopodia formation through Rac1 and CDC42, as well as receptor trafficking via endocytic regulation.