Recent studies have demonstrated that recombinant RBD consists of multiple conformational neutralizing epitopes that induce highly potent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV (9, 26, 35– 35).
The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV is the major inducer of neutralizing antibodies, and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of S protein contains multiple conformational neutralizing epitopes.
Thus, CHST11 activity may lead to larger CS polymers with multiple sequences embedded with distinct sulfation patterns resulted from activity of multiple sulfotransferases, leading to the production of conformational epitopes or highly concentrated sequences with specific reactivities.
However, given that multiple linear and often short, cryptic motifs and conformational epitopes, as well as binding partners and post-translational modifications, can finely tune subcellular sorting, experimental evidence is expected to shed light on the SCL, interactions and role in trafficking of this novel protein family.
Since β1AR autoantibodies recognize conformational epitopes, they are thought to modulate receptor conformation or influence the stability of transient conformational states induced by true ligands.
We found 21 conformational epitopes by using Ellipro server as well.
Anti-AQP4 AAbs has been found in a high percentage (~75%) of neuromyelitis optica patients (NMO-IgG), usually identified by immunofluorescence only [13], suggesting the importance of conformational epitopes, but also linear epitopes were later recognized in denatured protein [29].
These new methods, which guarantee optimal exposure of the conformational epitopes, showed analytical performance superior to other IIF methods [60, 61, 62].
Conformational epitopes, which often escape identification by linear peptide screening, can be identified and characterized from studies with mimotopes (Cardoso et al., 2009).
