In addition to RT-PCR and real time PCR, confocal and FACS analysis were used to confirm these results at a single cell level (Figure 1D) as well as multiple cell level (Figure 1E).
Likewise, patterning cues mediated by mechanical force can propagate from single-cell to multiple-cell levels without the transformation of the patterning information by biochemical cues, such as morphogens.
Here we demonstrate a technique that allows spatial control of multiple cell types at single cell levels on a substrate.
However, in addition to stimulating multiple cell death pathways, high levels of ROS can also sensitize cancer cells to anticancer agents [37], [38].
In particular, membrane-bound ephrins and their Eph receptors are maintained at low homeostatic levels in multiple cell types in adult tissues, but expression patterns and levels can change after CNS injury.
RAGE is expressed at low levels on multiple cell types.
Iron elevates LC3-II levels in multiple cell types in an ATG5/ATG7-dependent and beclin-1/hVps34-independent fashion.
More importantly, knockdown of endogenous YAP and TAZ substantially reduced pri- and mature miR-130a levels in multiple cell lines.
Based on its capacity for dephosphorylating the pThr-X-pTyr motif in ERK1/2 [ 19], DUSP6 can negatively regulate pERK1/2 levels in multiple cell types.
The pattern excludes genes expressed at similarly high levels in multiple cell types, since in such cases a gene's expression cannot be considered diagnostic of a particular cell type.
Under resting conditions IL-1 α constitutively presents at low levels in multiple cell types; however, following tissue damage, cell death, or hypoxia, its expression is greatly induced and it is produced by a number of cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, and epithelial cells [ 25].
