Exact(1)
When we have multiple causal arrows that are either all pointing inward toward a variable Z, or outward away from it, we are often able to infer from the probabilistic dependence relations which way they are pointing.
Similar(58)
And it turns out the causal arrows also run in the reverse direction.
We need to be aware of the effects of deeper digital immersion, Wolf says, but we should be equally cautious when we draw causal arrows or place blame without adequate longitudinal research.
An adequate account of the causal relation should reveal where the causal lines run, which direction the causal arrows point, and what if anything distinguishes causes from mere background conditions.
The Faithfulness Condition implies that the causal influences of one variable on another along multiple causal routes does not 'cancel'cancel
Using connectors limits the number of causal connections that can be made with any particular event; connectors directly link two events to the exclusion of multiple causal factors.
Yet some cases can be explained by multiple causal paths; thus, raw coverage cannot effectively reflect the explanatory power of one causal path after considering the other causal paths.
The anxiety-like behavior assessed will likely involve multiple causal factors.
How large should our study be to capture multiple causal variants?
Many of the causal arrows are probably bidirectional.
We accept that the reciprocal causal arrows need not always be operating simultaneously, and may occur in sequence.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com