Thus, digital innovation typically involves multiple actors and interactions.
Study findings suggest the need to further explore multiple actors, contexts, and interactions in the patient work system during research and intervention design, as well as the need to develop new models and measures for studying patient and family work.
This finding is in line with those of Williams and Sullivan [ 61] who suggested that interpretive approaches can reveal the coexistence of different communities of meanings, associated with the interaction of multiple actors and interests to achieve a plurality of outcomes.
Corporate war games, which simulate the interactions of multiple actors in a market, provide a better way to do so.Such games have two chief characteristics.
If we accept the argument that a mono-centric governance model is unlikely to promote effective conservation actions for endangered species such as the bridled nailtail wallaby, then some form of decentralised coordination is required to ensure that the dynamic interactions between multiple actors across multiple forums does lead to good conservation outcomes.
Our analysis suggests that aquaculture research and technology design that feeds into aquaculture innovation could benefit from innovation management approaches that integrate constant feedback from users, especially when specific groups are being targeted for better inclusiveness, and thus could better foster multi-directional interactions between multiple actors connected to aquaculture systems.
The most recent illustrations of the double challenge of climate and conflict are currently found in Syria and Iraq — conflicts that are characterized by complex interactions among multiple actors, including the Islamic State, various rebel insurgencies, regular armies and an international coalition that is struggling to keep a united front.
Governing immunization services in a way that achieves and maintains desired population coverage levels is complex as it involves interactions of multiple actors and contexts.
Within this arena, aid gets shaped through the interactions between these multiple actors (Hilhorst and Jansen 2010 11211).
Such views on innovation as a co-evolutionary process that depends on coordinated systemic interactions among networks of multiple actors are now recognised in the innovation systems literature [ 12– 16, 16].
