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Wnt/ β-catenin signaling is an evolutionarily conserved and a multifunctional pathway that regulates cell proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
Here, we show that an aspen receptor kinase PttPXY and its peptide ligand PttCLE41 are functional orthologs and act to control a multifunctional pathway that regulates both the rate of cambial cell division and woody tissue organization.
Autophagy has emerged as a multifunctional pathway involved in the response to microenvironmental or cellular stress in multicellular organisms (Kuma et al., 2004; Shimizu et al., 2004; Semenza, 2008).
CLE41 (CLIKETA3/ESR LIKE 41) and PXY (PHLOEM INTERCALATED WITH XYLEM) are a ligand-receptor pair, constituting a multifunctional pathway that regulates vascular cell division, vascular bundle organisation and xylem differentiation (Etchells and Turner, 2010; Fisher and Turner, 2007; Hirakawa et al., 2008).
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The MSGR predicted genes for multifunctional pathways with high precision.
This integrated model represents the first example of modeling "network level regulatory patterns" of multifunctional pathways.
Within our network hub nodes would be expected to appear as highly multifunctional pathways.
The detection of these proteins with distinct regulatory patterns provides evidence that novel biomarkers are actively involved in multifunctional pathways.
This assumption is valid if the model only concerns the reactions inside a test tube, but not for multifunctional pathways and network-level regulation.
These multifunctional pathways transmit signals that result in prevention of apoptosis or induction of cell cycle progression, depending on the cell type, and can cross-regulate one another [ 37].
It is possible that the multifunctional Ca2+ signaling pathways are involved in glutamine sensing and signaling in plants.
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