The Sendai Framework highlights that disaster risk is multifaceted, comprising "vulnerability, capacity, exposure of persons and assets, hazard characteristics and the environment" (UNISDR 2015b, Paragraph 23) and that knowledge of risk should inform all elements of the disaster management cycle.
SEA-ORCHID, a five-year project, is evaluating whether a multifaceted intervention to strengthen capacity for research synthesis, evidence-based care and knowledge implementation improves adoption of best clinical practice recommendations and so leads to better health for mothers and babies [5].
SEA-ORCHID (South East Asia Optimising Reproductive and Child Health In Developing countries) is evaluating whether a multifaceted intervention to strengthen capacity for research synthesis, evidence-based care and knowledge implementation improves adoption of best clinical practice recommendations leading to better health for mothers and babies.
At nine hospitals in Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia, SEA-ORCHID investigated whether the health of mothers and babies can be improved through a multifaceted intervention to strengthen capacity for research synthesis, evidence-based care and knowledge implementation.
Along these lines, SAGE is currently being used as the main outcome measure in SPIRIT, a longitudinal study examining the impact of a multifaceted program on the capacity of health organisations to use research in the development of policies and programs (see [ 86] for details).
A key lesson learned from the literature is that capacity building is multifaceted, and neither cheap nor fast.
It is now acknowledged that the multifaceted defect in the immune capacity of patients with advanced malignancy contributes not only to disease progression but also constitutes a barrier to therapeutic interventions.
This paper describes the protocol for SPIRIT (Supporting Policy In health with Research: an Intervention Trial), a trial designed to test the effectiveness of a multifaceted programme to build organisational capacity for the use of research evidence in policy and programme development.
The Supporting Policy in Health with Research: an Intervention Trial (SPIRIT) Action Framework [ 19] – a conceptual model developed to inform a multifaceted program to increase the capacity of policy agencies to use research – collectively refers to these actions of accessing, appraising, and/or generating relevant and high-quality research evidence as research engagement actions.
However, disaster risk is increasingly understood to be complex and multifaceted (involving hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and capacity), with interdependencies that may be overlooked and cause cascading effects over time and space (Gill and Malamud 2014, 2016).
