Design and methods: A cohort study was conducted with 1091 individuals identified through multi-stage probability sampling in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
The Chicago Community Adult Health Study (CCAHS) is a stratified, multi-stage probability sample of 3,105 adults aged 18 years and over, living in Chicago, Illinois [ 54].
The sampling technique follows a complex, stratified, multi-stage probability design that over-samples adolescents, African Americans, Mexican Americans, and persons of low-income.
Both NAMCS and NHAMCS use multi-stage probability sampling design to obtain a sample of visits that are representative of all outpatient visits in the US for a given year.
The NLSCY uses a "stratified, multi-stage probability sample" survey design in which each child represents several children in the population, who are not part of the survey [ 13].
Within this region, 200 sampling points were selected, with approximately five individuals being interviewed in each sampling point through multi-stage probability sampling.
A multi-stage probability sampling design incorporating the effect of population sizes (Metropolitan and non-metropolitan), ethnicity (the non-Hispanic White, the Hispanic, and the Black), and age (age 51-61) was utilized.
The CGSS2013 data was collected through stratified multi-stage probability sampling design and sampled a total of 480 villages/neighborhoods, from which 25 families were extracted at each unit.
NHAMCS is a nationally-representative multi-stage probability survey of visits to all non-institutional, non-Federal hospital EDs, whose methods have been detailed previously [8].
The multi-stage probability sampling scheme, the visit, and the reliability of coding and data entry for NAMCS and NHAMCS have been detailed elsewhere [15].
MMP is a national probability sample of patients in care for HIV infection, constructed by multi-stage probability sampling including a probability proportional to size (PPS) sample of states, a PPS sample of facilities within selected states, and an equal probability sample of patients within selected facilities [22].
