This case study shows that the success or the failure of a telemedicine story does not only rely on technological factors, but on e-governance, an enabling policy environment, multi sectorial involvement of stakeholders and effective human resource management and capacity building.
Improving forests and trees for food security and nutrition goes beyond the forest sector and requires inter-sectorial collaboration and multi-stakeholder approaches including all institutions and stakeholders involved in rural development.
The State Ministry of Environment has initiated new policies that include risk minimization, law enforcement, treatment of pollution at source, mitigation procedures and inter-sectorial collaboration.
In this study, the term partnership refers to a setting that includes inter-sectorial collaboration as well as inter-organisational and inter-professional collaboration across a network of multiple organisations and professionals [ 8- 11].
In the field of collaboration/coordination, research has targeted the need for inter-organizational integration in health care services, and has pointed to the fragile and volatile nature of inter-sectorial collaboration [ 1].
Moreover, organizational culture is found to be of great importance to inter-sectorial collaboration [ 3] and important barriers are identified in professional tribalism, and status and power differentials [ 4].
27 Rwanda's school based HPV vaccination programme serves as an example of cross-sectorial collaboration, during which health authorities partner with the Ministries of Education, Gender, and Local Government as well as development partners, religious organisations, and community members.
This project was an interdisciplinary and inter-sectorial collaboration between the Centre of Allied Health Evidence, and the Department of Computer and Information Sciences, both at the University of South Australia (UniSA), Australia, and Women's and Children's Hospital WCH), Adelaide, South Australia.
Interviews with the various stakeholders will also help to identify the extent of cross-sectorial collaboration between NAV, specialist- and primary care, and its development throughout the project period.
It is crucial therefore to a) lay the political foundations by raising awareness that cancer control is not only about treatment, and b) identify innovative ways to invest in prevention through cross-sectorial collaboration.
