Therefore, in the low SNR regime, a multi-functional scheme combining array and STC gains is more advantageous than a multi-functional scheme purely based on STC.
However, when the constellation sizes are increased, a multi-functional scheme only based on group-wise STC is more advantageous.
Then, the second column of the multi-functional scheme is transmitted from the relays, i.e. S R s ̂ = c A 2 s ̂.
Finally, the relayed transmission of a multi-functional scheme based on group-wise STC was compared with the relayed transmission of a QOSTBC jointly designed for the same total number of transmit antennas, where the QOSTBC was considered as the baseline STC setup for four antennas.
Finally, we compare the proposed relayed multi-functional schemes based on group-wise STC with the relayed four-antenna QOSTBC scheme described in Section 3.4.
Finally, multi-functional schemes can be implemented without any cooperation among the UE relays, since each relay can encode a different group of symbols independently.
For the description of the multi-functional MIMO scheme for point-to-point systems, the system model in Section 2 is particularized for K = 0.
When the direct link from BS to destination is available, the BS cooperates with the relays to send a certain multi-functional MIMO scheme.
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