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This generalized eigenvalue problem can be manipulated such that the natural frequencies governing free vibration can be calculated instead by solving a much smaller characteristic determinant of orders×s.
The same behavior can be seen for R c, rep = 1 2 and L=4 but with much smaller characteristic.
However, some important reactions such as particle nucleation or radical entry have much smaller characteristic time constants making on-line investigation experimentally extremely challenging.
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We further assume that the characteristic time for the transition from the conductive to the non conductive states is much smaller that the characteristic Ca2+ alteration times.
For the typically slow analogue experiments of tectonics, the solutions can be considered linear visco-elastic with a Maxwell relaxation time much smaller than the characteristic observation time.
This paper presents a class of engineering models for synthetic microvascular materials that have fluid passages much smaller than a characteristic structural length such as panel thickness.
[16 20] A diffusive representation implies that biological solute mixing is rapid and occurs on a spatial scale much smaller than the characteristic length scale of chemical pore water gradients.[21] Less common are advective models of bioirrigation, in which an enhanced advection velocity accounts for increased vertical pore water transport.
We remark that the longest delays between excitatory neurons are much smaller than the characteristic time of NMDA conductances.
Such thickness is much smaller than the characteristic mean free path for light scattering in collagen type-I rich tissue [ 40].
We adopt the quasi-steady approach; that is, we assume that perturbations evolve on a time scale that is much smaller than the characteristic time scale of the basic flow.
The specimen has been successfully used in the determination of interfacial toughness between substrates including aluminium, brass, steel and plexiglass and interlayer epoxy, although the stress intensity factor solutions for a homogeneous disk were used in [17], under the assumption that the interlayer was much smaller than the other characteristic dimensions.
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