Compared to the average length of human introns, which is 3365 bp, Arabidopsis introns are much shorter and show an average length of only 170 bp [ 31, 32].
Environmental studies usually target either the V4 hypervariable region, which is characterized by particularly rapid rates of evolution and is subject to extreme variation in length [27] or the V9 region, which is much shorter and shows less length heterogeneity [3], [6], [7].
A better solution for microstrip is a coupled line much shorter than λ/4, shown in figure 5, but this has the disadvantage of a coupling factor which rises noticeably with frequency.
However, quantitatively, the period experimentally observed in a non-growing pollen tube (∼6 7s) is much shorter than that shown in Figure 11.
We observed that, in comparison to wildtype cells, vesicles moved much shorter distances (or showed no net movement), without directional bias, and lacked processivity, instead taking random paths with frequent direction changes.
However, this fluorescence lifetime reduction is not compatible with the formation of trapped dimers, which usually show much shorter decay time (<100 ps).
In contrast, blends using the much shorter n-butylamine ligands show an additional PIA, which rises at 0.3 ps and continues increasing within the experimentally accessible time window of 1800 ps.
In contrast, the crystal structure of tris pentafluorophenyl phosphane derivative[(C6F5 3P]2PdCl2 shows much shorter Pd P and Pd Cl distances [2.291 1) Å and 2.305 1) Å, respectively], and the palladium center shows an almost planar coordination geometry.
All of the MOx/SUS electrodes showed much shorter initial pH response time than a commercial glass electrode (14 sec).
In comparison with the VTC-grown planar ZnO NRs, the Si/ZnO trunk-branch NSs showed much shorter photocurrent response time (less than 2 s).
