It is possible that the last H. erectus may have survived in Indonesia as recently as 30,000 years ago (Swisher et al. 1996), after H. sapiens had already reached the region, but this date is controversial and may be soon replaced by a much older estimate of about 550,000 years ago (Indriati et al. 2010).
The same percentages would apply to the much older estimated TMRCA ages for the most ancient haplogroups as well.
Our results for the timing of divergences are largely congruent with previous mitogenomic studies [27], [28], but they are much older than estimates from fossil records [29], [30], [31] and timescales based on the nuclear RAG1 gene [32], [33].
However, our much older time estimates disagree with this scenario.
The range of dates is testament to the uncertainty of the methods involved, but all are much older than previous estimates of the ages of Acheulian tools in India.In this section Plenty more bugs in the sea Making waves Highly charged Tooled up Reprints.
This date is obviously much older than previous estimates, and is not consistent with other data showing that the Salicoid duplication is not shared with Arabidopsis [ 9].
Our relatively young time estimates for the millipede-centipede (442 ± 50 Ma) and xiphosuran-arachnid (475 ± 53 Ma) divergences contrast with the much older time estimate for the deuterostome-arthropod divergence (~1100-900 Ma) (Tables 1 and 2).
That date has large margins of error, but suggests that Y. pestis is much older than thought previous estimates suggested it originated just 3300 years ago.
The difficulties in dating the shorebird tree are further illustrated by fossil representatives of Recurvirostrini and Burhinidae which are much older than current estimates suggests.
On the other hand, molecular phylogenetic methods have produced much older divergence time estimates for several butterfly families, prompting many to ascribe the origin of butterflies to the diversification of angiosperms, between 100 and 140 Mya [ 32- 37].
