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Although in the study of Kiel et al. a different strain with a much lower productivity was used, a possible hypothesis for degeneration of penicillin production in our high producing strain, P. chrysogenum DS17690, could be a decrease of the number of peroxisomes in time during prolonged carbon limited chemostat cultivation.
The price for having a large grey economy can be much lower productivity.
Puerto Rico has much lower productivity than the mainland United States, and it has been argued that it's a place where the minimum wage really bites and Econ 101 reasserts itself.
Thus we found Japan's economy to be composed of a few manufacturing industries with the highest productivity in the world alongside manufacturing and service industries with much lower productivity than in the United States.
They may be born with a much lower productivity and may live for a period of at most 2 or 3 censuses, and experience a monotonic decline in average wages and productivity over that period until exit.
It is a predominantly dark and cold environment with much lower productivity than shallower ones.
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The slurry stirred tank reactor shows much lower hydrocarbon productivity than the milli- and centimetric fixed bed reactors, which is probably due to incomplete catalyst reduction.
However their use for large-scale expression of cytokines typically results in much lower volumetric productivity.
Furthermore, although it was theoretically possible for Spain to have narrowed the productivity gap with Germany (since it was starting out at a much lower level of productivity), the bubble-driven growth of the last decade, spurred by the adoption of the euro and large capital inflows, is not the kind of growth that drives up manufacturing productivity.
He explains: "Your denominator is much lower and therefore productivity is going to be showing that much higher".
But according to data collected by Fairfield University Professor Jeffrey Arthur, its labor costs were much lower because the productivity of the mills was higher.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com