Our (small and non-representative) study indicates that the long-term costs may be much lower than these assumptions, and so valuations based on Hatziandreu's assumption may require rethinking.
Indeed, the actual uptake is estimated to be much lower than this assumption (<0.01% injected dose per gram of tumor) (Sedlacek et al., 1992).
Our results suggest that for Brucella spp. the expected prevalence is much lower than the design assumption of 50%.
This finding was robust to most alternative assumptions, except a much lower fixed cost of providing e-learning devices.
Our derivation is based on the following assumptions: toxin concentration is much lower than the receptor concentration, for toxins that are internalized, the internalization rate is much slower than establishment of the receptor-toxin binding equilibrium.
Note that the factor loadings, as reported by Conners (2001), are generally much lower, as these estimates are based on the assumption of a continuous, normal distribution of the item scores, an assumption that is obviously violated in the instance of a four-category Likert scale.
Although good-quality simulation modeling can provide information at a much lower cost than clinical trials, models are based on assumptions and represent a simplification of and therefore might depart from reality.
Monte Carlo simulations show that the overall effective conductivity is much lower than that predicted by the model using an overlap assumption, even when the contact resistance is zero.
(We offer this function as an example of an enzyme-catalyzed response curve, but please note that the assumptions underlying the Michaelis-Menten equation will not apply to all post-translational systems. Signaling cascades in particular will tend to violate the assumption that the catalyzing enzyme is present in much lower concentrations than a target substrate).
There is room to argue with Lucy's assumptions (some estimates put the corporate cash on hand at much lower levels), but his proposal makes an important point.
