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For example, circuit tracing requires use of mutant viruses that are much less virulent than wild type PRV.
After noting that milkmaids rarely got the disease, he theorized, correctly, that exposure to cowpox — a virus similar to smallpox but much less virulent — conferred resistance.
Much less virulent strains than those used for vaccination against smallpox are being developed for use as vectors, in hopes of reducing the likelihood of the development of serious complications previously seen with smallpox vaccination.
Dissenters, on the other hand, claim that most of that work can be done with the much less virulent Vaccinia virus or other related viruses.
Why is this Y. pestis strain so much less virulent today, and why does it only rarely move from rodents to humans?
The team created a mutant strain that doesn't produce the SpiC protein and found that it grows poorly in macrophages and is much less virulent in mice than are wild-type bacteria, suggesting that the protein is central to Salmonella's harmful effects.
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It is well known since 1950s that avirulent strain H37Ra has a defect in anaerobic metabolism and survives much less well than virulent H37Rv in vivo or under anaerobic conditions [10], [11].
Upon infection with MTBVAC, p38MAPK activation at 4 h resulted much less pronounced than observed with the virulent mycobacteria.
The cross-neutralization of WNV strains suggests that areas in which WNV virus is endemic could be much less susceptible to invasion by the crow-virulent NY99 genotype.
Though not much further research has been done on B. neotomae, it is generally considered to be a less virulent Brucella species.
Mutants lacking this activity are 10,000-fold less virulent.
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