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To test whether having the Tinagl1 gene could protect against tumor growth and spread, the researchers engineered human and mouse tumor cells to express high levels of the Tinagl1 gene.
Using a combination of immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting techniques with antibodies against ubiquitin and MGMT, and anti-ubiquitin immunoaffinity chromatography, the MGMT protein was found to coexist with small amounts of its ubiquitinated species in both human and mouse tumor cells, suggesting the presence of endogenous inactivated MGMT.
MC-38 mouse tumor cells were treated using a 1.1 MHz HIFU transducer under two different protocols (P-=6.7 MPa, 30% duty cycle, 5 s vs. P-=10.7 MPa, 3% duty cycle, 30 s) to produce either thermal necrosis or mechanical lysis of the tumor cells.
Studies have shown that p73 can regulate neural stem cell maintenance (Agostini et al., 2010), and the overexpression of transactivation-deficient p73 proteins resulted in the proliferation of human and mouse tumor cells, indicating oncogenic activity of truncated p73 isoforms (Stiewe et al., 2002).
To explore the role of mtDNA mutations in cancer, Jun-Ichi Hayashi's group at the University of Tsukuba in Japan and collaborators swapped the mtDNA of two types of mouse tumor cells: one that tends to metastasize and another that does not.
Furthermore, we demonstrated that DT treatment did not decrease CCR6 expression by CMT93GFP mouse tumor cells in comparison to DTmu (Figure 5F).
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Due to poor adenoviral infectivity and replication in mouse tumor cell types compared with human tumor cell types, use of human-type adenoviral vectors in mouse animal model systems was limited.
Our results demonstrate that PPP-mediated downregulation of the IGF pathway inhibits mouse tumor cell growth and induces apoptotic cell death in vitro in primary medulloblastoma cultures that are most reflective of tumor cell behavior in vivo.
Interestingly, the resultant virus was dramatically enhanced in its ability to form syncytia, lyse a variety of human and mouse tumor cell lines, and suppressed the induction of the cellular IFN responses.
100 µl mouse tumor cell suspension was injected to the lateral tail vein of mice.
In vitro screening for mouse tumor cell lines revealed that all mouse lines we tested exhibited comparably low susceptibility to infection by our attenuated mutant virus, on par with normal quiescent human cells.
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