Work in mice with targeted mutations suggests a role for several molecules in the development and function of TR cells.
The obviously lower mRNA expression in multiple lines of these transgenic mice, when compared to our previous SOD1 transgenic mice harboring non-PTC mutations, suggests that mRNA transcribed from hSOD1 E77X and hSOD1 K91X transgenes was degraded (Fig. 1B).
Studies with mice having Fas/FasL mutations suggest that that a major function of Fas-mediated apoptosis is the elimination of activated immune cells from the peripheral circulation [ 37].
One study in Terc and Tert knockout mouse cells, contrary to other published reports of mouse Dkc1 mutation, suggested that the number of DNA damage foci and the amount of DNA damage associated protein induction was the same as or lower than in normal mouse cells (Vidal-Cardenas & Greider, 2010).
In addition to the MaCSCs isolated from PyVmT mice in a wild-type background, we have also isolated MaCSCs from PyVmT mice harboring gene-targeted mutations, suggesting that our cell lines will be useful in further identifying factors important in breast cancer initiation and progression.
However, none of the mouse mutations were pathogenic suggesting that mtDNA changes do not contribute to the carcinogenic progression of these chemically induced and spontaneous mouse brain tumors.
The NOD mouse model for T1D shares another key trait with human T1D: both are caused by the similar genetic mutations, suggesting the cause of the disease is the same in both mice and humans.
In the study on radiation-induced mouse lymphomas, mutations in Bcl11b were found to be mutually exclusive with p53 mutations, suggesting a common pathway for tumor formation [ 18].
Based on studies of KIT mutations in mice, the severity of this mutation suggests that it may be nonviable in the homozygous state.
A set of convergent antibodies of highly similar sequences found in the VAT of HFD mice but not RD mice showed significant somatic mutation, suggesting a response shared between mice to a common antigen or antigens.
