For example, a recent study of a conditional mouse Ift20 mutant found that mislocalized opsins are concentrated in the Golgi, and thereby suggested a role for Ift20 in coupling the transport of opsins through the endomembrane system to the IFT system for transport into the cilium (65).
Using pharmacological tools and various mouse mutant strains, we found that gas phase and full CS evoked the same submaximal amount of tracheal CGRP release, the former exclusively through TRPA1 activation, the latter through both nAChRs (20%) and TRPA1 (80%); dilute TPM acted in equal parts through nicotinic as well as TRPA1 transduction, and TRPV1 was not involved.
Mutations in Scrib are found in the mouse mutant circletail (Crc).
Abnormal lamellar bodies in ATII cells are also found in another mouse mutant, beige (Lyst bg, Lyst bg ), which is an animal model for Chediak Higashi syndrome (CHS) (Chi et al. 1975).
Once you have figured out how to get the appropriate types of neurons, you can let them form the synapses and circuits, either in a culture dish or after transplantation into a developing mouse brain, to show that you can reproduce the physiological defects that you found in the mouse mutant.
By employing geometric morphometrics, the authors analysed facial growth and shape changes in control and mutant mice and found that, in mutants, clefting develops owing to altered facial morphology.
We evaluated the coronary vasculature of gamma-sarcoglycan mutant mice and found microvascular filling defects consistent with arterial vasospasm.
Using OEG and DRG from L1 mutant mice we found that L1 expression does not contribute to OEG growth promotion.
Based on molecular comparisons of neurons from normal and mutant mice, they found that synaptic stimulation normally activates MAPK, and the activated form of MAPK in turn activates several key components of the protein synthesis machinery.
Using mutant mice, we found that this signal is independent of the pathways involving PKCθ, CARMA1 (CARD 11) and WASp.
