Analysis of expression and localization of histone modifications in mouse embryos indicated that each blastomere exhibited similar epigenetic marks during the early cleavage stages of development both by single-frame confocal imaging (Fig. 3B and Supplementary Material, Fig. S3a) and three-dimensional modeling of Z-stacked confocal images (Fig. 3D).
A Smad2/3-dependent autoregulatory loop is present in mouse preimplantation embryos, indicating a role for TGF-β signalling (Granier et al., 2011; Papanayotou and Collignon, 2014).
Lastly, treatment with DEAB does not affect early endoderm gene expression in zebrafish embryos (sox17) or mutant mouse embryos (FoxA2) [2], indicating a conserved role that RA is not necessary for early endoderm development in vertebrates.
Although Gsc knockout embryos gastrulate normally, Gsc−/− mouse nodes have a decreased neural inducing activity when transplanted into chick primitive streak embryos, indicating that the lack of gastrulation phenotype seen in Gsc mutant mice results from regulatory mechanisms that can compensate for the loss of this gene (Zhu et al, 1999).
Surprisingly, this mouse Nkx2.5-knockout embryo does not exhibit the same defective phenotype of tinman null embryos, indicating that there are other Nkx2.5 homologs to compensate for Nkx2.5 loss of function in mouse heart development.
The results demonstrated that mouse Syx1b can efficiently and functionally replace zebrafish Syx in developing embryos, indicating evolutionarily conserved protein function; and that the MO effects are specific to Syx.
Anatomical analysis indicated that RB neurons were present in the motile embryos, but absent in the non-motile embryos, indicating that the non-motile embryos were nrd−/− embryos.
Six of 10 of these had been previously reported in neuron and mouse embryo development (indicated by a † in Table 4).
In vitro culture of whole metanephroi from e12.5 betaglycan mutant and wildtype embryos indicated that ureteric branch (p<0.01) and tip number (p<0.01) were both significantly greater in betaglycan+/− mice (27.43±5.08: 34.29±5.68) than in wildtypes (21.83±4.69: 27.42±5.11; Figure 2C).
This indicates that mouse embryos are very flexible in what people have referred to as developmental potential.
