Thus, the kinetics of CLL engraftment in NOG mice broadly reflects the disease course in CLL patients.
There have also been several studies with multiple doses of LPS administered to normal animals and to particular transgenic mice broadly demonstrating increased activity of β- and γ-secretase, intraneuronal APP and extracellular amyloid plaques [ 36, 37]; this increase in intraneuronal APP in the triple transgenic (3xTg) model of AD was TNF-α-dependent [ 38].
In mice, a broadly acting RNA, lincRNA-Cox2, regulates the circuit that controls the inflammatory response.
P.69 Pertactin (P.69 Prn) is an important virulence factor of B. pertussis, and P.69 Prn7–24 is an immunodominant CD4+ T cell epitope in mice and broadly recognized in humans.
Importantly, BMDM obtained from transgenic mice are broadly used as primary cells.
The model further suggests that if the population of mice varies broadly in the proportions of fast and slow cells, a bimodal distribution of their oscillation periods would emerge naturally (cf. analogous results with a different model, Fig. 2 of [48]).
From a comparative point of view, the results obtained in mice are broadly in line with the studies related to narcolepsy in nonrodent mammalian species.
We also note that our results in mice are broadly consistent with findings from recent experiments in other organisms, suggesting that in primates and humans, heteroplasmy variance may increase at early developmental stages (Monnot et al., 2011; Lee et al., 2012), and that partitioning of mitochondria is binomial in HeLa cells (Johnston et al., 2012).
We found such skewed distributions not only in the human data considered here (Fig. 3A), but also in several other datasets, e.g. most mouse genes are broadly expressed over different organs, most Arabidopsis genes are broadly expressed over different light conditions, and most zebrafish genes are broadly expressed over different developmental stages (Supplementary Fig. S4).
Similarly, the ΦC31o and ΦC31 coding sequences were blunt cloned into the pROSA26-1 vector to generate mouse strains that broadly express this SSR.
