The extent of sensory system involvement in ALS and its correlation with the more genuine pathology seen in motor system were analyzed.
Unlike the pathology in adults whose motor system is developed at the time of injury, spasticity in children who suffer from an early brain abnormality is affected by reorganization of supraspinal input and impaired motor maturation.
This pathology was associated with non-motor system TDP-43 pathology (Χ= 17.5, p= 0.00003) and bulbar symptoms at onset (Χ= 4.04, p= 0.044), but not age or disease duration.
Along these lines, a raised criticism asserts that empirical evidence does not support the concept that language requires necessarily/causally the motor system and that neuropsychiatric research in motor pathologies contradicts the idea that language is supported only by virtue of sensorimotor processes.
BIBD showed the opposite rank order in terms of FUS pathology, with greatest involvement of the pyramidal motor system followed by the extrapyramidal motor regions, neocortex, non-isocerebral cortex, neocortex and limbic regions.
In contrast, the topography of the FUS pathology in the two BIBD cases appeared different with prominent involvement of the pyramidal motor system (primary motor cortex, spinal cord) and extrapyramidal motor areas (inferior olive, basis pontis, substantia nigra, locus ceruleus, red nucleus, dentate nucleus of the cerebellum, globus pallidus, striatium, subthalamic nucleus, thalamus).
"We put a motor system in there.
This outcome suggests that both linguistic and motor content provides meaningful information to readers, as the motor system enhances language understanding while language understanding modulates the motor system.
For the motor system, analogously, producing precise movements entails isolating the motor system from competing affordances.
The motor system employs two internal models for prediction and motor control.
