A number of causal mechanisms have been proposed for adolescent back pain, including carriage of heavy school bags, rapid bony growth, inadequate fit of furniture to body size, poor muscle strength, poor motor control, balance and coordination, and poor posture [ 5, 7- 9].
Eighteen wild-type and 17 mutant 4-month-old mice were assessed for gross neurological function, motor control, and balance using a series of well established behavioral tests [41].
4 Gait speed is related to lower extremity strength and motor control, 5 balance and functional mobility, 6 gait endurance, 7 energy expenditure and disability.
These results are supported by a large body of evidence implicating both regions in the control of motor control and balance (12, 13, 27– 30) and the basal ganglia in particular with the timing of motor output (12, 31).
Together, these observations suggest that in the presence of impairment to one or more elements of the motor control system, balance may become more dependent upon cortical GM volume.
The CMT1A patients were less stable than the control group in quiet standing (higher values of Yinf) despite having preserved, or only slightly damaged, smaller sensory fibres sensitive to muscle length and most likely responsible for motor control in balance [13].
Subjects with lower limb amputation develop new motor control strategies to preserve balance when they experience unexpected perturbations.
The vision in his right eye regressed and he became partially blind, compounded by the loss of motor control nerves and his balance off kilter.
Children with motor impairments (e.g. difficulties with motor control, muscle tone or balance) experience significant difficulties in participating in physical play and leisure.
Children with motor impairments (e.g. difficulties with motor control, muscle tone or balance) experience significantly reduced participation in leisure in general [ 2] and in physical play and leisure specifically [ 3].
Compared with grip strength, chair rises and standing balance require good balance and motor control, and greater concentration as well as the muscle strength required by all the measures.
