Since form information is mainly processed in the ventral visual pathway, and motion information when not defining a form is mainly processed in the dorsal pathway [14], these findings show that the temporal limit is not a feature of the motion pathway, and may indeed be a characteristic of the ventral form pathway.
This finding shows that form-selective motion sensitivity in the STS can be explained in terms of modulation of gain control on information flow in the motion pathway, and provides a substantial constraint for theories of the perception of faces and biological motion.
Bressler and Whitney's results indicate that near discrimination threshold levels, the location assigned to an object depends on multiple motion pathways, and may occur at multiple stages.
A hierarchical vision system, inspired by the functional architecture of the cortical motion pathway, to provide motion interpretation and to guide real-time actions in the real-world, is proposed.
The motion pathway extracts optic flow at different scales, directions, and speeds.
A complete quantization study of neuromorphic robust optical flow architecture is performed, using properties found in the cortical motion pathway.
These four families tested 1) face modulation of the motion pathway to STS from V5, 2) motion modulation of the face pathway to STS from OFA, 3) motion modulation of the face pathway to STS from OFA, and 4) motion modulation of both face pathways from OFA and FFA.
We used nonlinear parameters to examine how areas in one pathway (e.g., facial form pathway) affect information flow in the other pathway (e.g., motion pathway).
In other words, the OFA acted as a modulatory gain control on the "driving signal" in the motion pathway, rather than simply conveying the motion information itself (Foley et al. 2012).
These results are highly compatible with a neurophysiologically plausible neural model of biological motion processing (Giese and Poggio 2003): a form pathway appears to analyze stimuli as discrete event snapshots, whereas a motion pathway analyzes information based on optic-flow information.
The light was filtered by a dichroic filter that limited the camera's spectral sensitivity to a range of 480 to 550 nm, matching, to some extent, the spectral sensitivity of the visual motion pathway of flies (Stavenga, 2002).
