Respiratory monitoring can be based on clinical observations, including observation of the chest motion, or assessed through detection of breathing motion by compressions of a respiratory sensor placed in contact with the chest.
A novel composition of biological components is necessary to capture the key characteristics of breathing motion visible in the human trunk because the movement is generated fundamentally through the combination of both rigid bone and soft tissue.
While the effects of breathing motion can be prevented by synchronising the image acquisition with the respiratory cycle, abdominal and peristaltic motion are more difficult to correct [ 58].
This study investigates the impact of breathing motion on proton breast treatment plans.
Impact of breathing motion during images acquisition has not been evaluated here but is a source of additional uncertainty.
The median amplitude of breathing motion determined from the positions of the sternum was 4.7 mm (range 0.5 14.6 mm).
To study the effect of breathing motion on gross tumor volume (GTV) coverage for lung tumors using dose-volume histograms and relevant dosimetric indices.
However, the extent of breathing motion in our study was minimal; as in 5/7 patients, the primary tumor was located in the upper and middle lobe, respectively, and one patient had a metastasis of the clavicle only.
Immobilization of the liver using controlled breath holds, shallow breathing, abdominal compression and gating of the RT (radiation therapy) beam during specified phases of the respiratory cycle, medications and tumour tracking of implanted fiducial markers may help reduce the adverse effects of breathing motion.
