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Frequency and speed of motility were calculated as described previously [ 22].
In the models exploring the additive interactions between dichotomized phthalates and PCBs, both crude and adjusted ORs for low sperm motility were calculated (Table 4).
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Quantitative comparison of mean process motility was calculated for individual cells; for each cell, sequential images in a time-series (taken 10 s apart) were aligned and binarized, and then image subtractions between consecutive images were performed.
Then GIT motility was calculated for all groups.
Cell motility was calculated by the following formula: Cell motility = (distance at 24 or 48 h – distance at 0 h) / distance at 0 h.
Relative cell motility was calculated as the difference between the wound area at t = 0 hours and t = 18 or 24 hours, as indicated.
Relative cell motility was calculated as the wound width at t = 0 hours minus the wound width at t = 18 24 hours, as indicated.
The ability of the cells to close the wound, that is, their motility, was calculated in the following way: (average distance of the wound at 0 h - average distance of the wound at 20 h/average distance of the wound at 0 h) × 100.
The resulting images were used to compute the traveling distances of bacteria by MetaMorph program (Molecular Devices) and finally the bacterial motilities were calculated.
The mean percentages of the five motility patterns were calculated for each strain at each time point and are shown as stacked bar graphs in Figure 9.
Maximal increase and EC50 values (µM) induced by added pyruvate were calculated for motility, progressive motility, VCL, ALH and hyperactive motility and presented in Table I.
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