The mutations that resulted in a loss of motility were identified by sequencing the mini-Tn 5 transposon insertion sites.
A relatively large group of genes involved in regulating the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion and motility were identified.
No changes in cell growth or phagocytosis were seen in sma− cells (supplementary material Fig. S4); however, significant changes in cell motility were identified in sma mutant cells.
CD44 and β1 integrin, the two important receptors involved in motility, were identified to carry β1,6 branched N-oligosaccharides in an invasive potential dependent manner.
Apart from that bile salt concentration and composition, biliary phospholipid concentration, nuclear promoting and inhibiting proteins and gall bladder and intestinal motility are identified as the other causes of cholesterol supersaturation and crystallization [ 13].
Several broad categories of genes involved in cell and axon motility were identified, including those which encode adhesion proteins (NCAM2, cadherins, Cdh11, Cdh13, Pcdh8) and axon guidance molecules (Sema7d, Sema7a, EphA3, EphA5, Nelf, Adamts4) (Supplemental Table 1).
On the other hand, most of the genes involved in motility were identified as such by mutational analysis, but only a few are known to be down-regulated (gltB, sgmH, efp, epsL, agmO) or up-regulated (cglD, aglCR, sgmK) during development, based on microarray experiments [ 58, 59] (Additional file 7; see Additional file 6 for gene numbers).
Accordingly, the rickettsial factor responsible for the motility of rickettsiae was identified through a comparative analysis of the R. conorii and R. prowazekii genomes [5].
In the subcategory motility only PilQ was identified as differentially expressed (Table 2).
Furthermore, AFAP1L1 was involved in regulating the shape and motility of CRC cells, and was identified as a novel component of vinculin-including complexes by in vitro analyses.
