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In the present study we evaluate the virulence of eight Salmonella isolates: the most virulent isolate, Salmonella typhi SS6 was selected (it showed high invasion capability as well as dramatic cytotoxicity to Vero cells) for examining the antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus isolates.
In order to understand the mechanisms underlying the differences observed in mouse survival, the most virulent isolate (124A) and the isolate with the most significant decrease in virulence (140A) were further studied.
Multiple concentration bioassays identified HRI 1.72 as the most virulent isolate against A. fabae with significantly smaller LC50 and LT50 values compared to other isolates.
The most virulent isolate of C. maydis (isolate Cm3) was used.
The most virulent isolate was Cm3, followed by Cm4, while the isolates Cm1, Cm2, and Cm5 were the least ones.
However, the cumulative effect of the three resistance genes (Xa4 + xa5 + Xa21) in the ABL in the Mangeumbyeo genetic background exhibited very high resistance to all 18 isolates of Xoo, including the most virulent isolate of race K3a.
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To test this we carried out pairwise binomial tests for each time point which indeed showed that towards the end of the assay the 4 most virulent isolates differed significantly in virulence from the ancestral population, with no lines being significantly less virulent than the ancestral line (Fig. 2; Additional file 1: Table S3).
The necrosis marker OsJamyb seemed faster and stronger induced by the most virulent isolates.
The fact that the most virulent isolates all come from the treatment which evolved the longest time before extinction, indicates that selection in our system increases virulence.
Hence, virulence of the different types of CMV isolates was not the same for both hosts, because for tomato, N isolates were the most virulent, Y isolates had an intermediate virulence, and A isolates had very low virulence; virulence of mixed infections was as that of N isolates (Table 1).
The donor parent 'Tetep' was found to be resistant to the most virulent BB isolate 'Kaul' (lesion length 2.20 cm), all four isolates of blast under artificial inoculation (score of 0 for all four isolates) and in UBN (score of 0) when tested in the UBN of the Agricultural Research Station at Mugad for leaf and neck blast.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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