Sentence examples for most terminal haplogroups from inspiring English sources

Previously described subspecies provide convenient (although not necessarily biologically meaningful) labels for most terminal haplogroups, however in six instances the molecular data support non-taxonomic groupings; namely in Angola, the Middle Zambezi Valley, the Luangwa Valley, Upper Volta, Lower Volta and Niger (Table S2).

According to their SNP pattern, samples were assigned to the most terminal haplogroups possible [ 89].

All 23 terminal haplogroups were monophyletic, however four (labelled 'bor', 'phaleratus', 'dianae' and 'massaicus') were not reciprocally monophyletic relative to haplogroups nested within them.

Additional substructure was extremely high, with high bootstrap support (Fig. 2) for 23 terminal haplogroups with distinct geographic ranges (Fig. 1).

Due to the high geographic structure in the data (Fig. 1), discrete population units could be inferred directly from the terminal haplogroups (Fig. 2).

Implementing these criteria, 44 of the 58 ecoregions in the model were defined as core ecoregions to the 23 terminal haplogroups (Table S3).

For single terminal haplotypes or terminal haplogroups consisting of only two haplotypes we employed the term lineage.

Ecoregions were considered part of a haplogroup's core habitat if they were inhabited exclusively or if they contained more than 50% of individuals in a terminal haplogroup.

This translated to 17 core biomes, with the haplogroup biome diversity graphically described by linking each terminal haplogroup to a biome if it constituted part of its core habitat (blue and red arrows, Fig. 3).

Most haplogroups and sub-haplogroups grouped together on the tree; however, within the haplogroups L3, L4, M, N and R, the tree lacked structure.

As shown in Additional file 4 Table S1, human haplogroup A displays a higher frequency of more severe amino acid changes than the most ancient human haplogroup (haplogroup L0a') or bonobos.