According to the first eigenvalue, which benefits only the first interaction principal component scores, G1, G6, G2 and G9 were the most stable genotypes.
A majority of the genotypes (67%) had low interaction effects with locations for early FSRY, with Akena, CT2, CT4 and NASE14 being the most stable genotypes for the trait.
One of the most stable genotypes in this regard was IAC25 and as it also showed the highest overall BNI activity, this Brazilian improved upland cultivar was chosen for further experiments.
Although none of the varieties showed consistently superior performance across all environments, the genotype EK 01024-1-2 ranked in the top third of the test entries in 61.5% of the test environments and was identified as the most stable genotype, with type I stability.
Despite differences in the yield of individual genotypes, the overall yield stability of mixtures (calculated by standard deviation) was approximately the same as that of the most stable genotype in monoculture (Fig. 4A).
The values of the sum of first two interaction principal component scores could be useful in identifying genotype stability, and G6, G5 and G2 were the most dynamic stable genotypes.
Both, Pi and Ii statistics revealed that accessions Sunprince, Flameprince, María Aurelia, Vega, Starlite and Flavorcrest were the most stable and high-yielding genotypes across environments.
In summary, the most stable reference genes for all samples studied (different genotypes evaluated at different phenological stages) were VvTCPB and VvAIG1.
To support the choice of the best reference genes, i.e., the most stable genes following pathogen inoculation in the different genotypes, the GeNorm algorithm [ 24], implemented in GenEx version 4.3.6.
From the 19 candidate reference genes, VvAIG1 (AvrRpt2-induced gene) and VvTCPB (T-complex 1 beta-like protein) were found to be the most stable ones after comparing the complete set of genotypes and phenological stages studied.
First, the RNA Structure 3.7 software was used to both fold the HCV RNA and to predict the most stable secondary structure of the first 341 nucleotides, in terms of energy, of the genotype 1b variant (NCBI database accession number: AJ238799).
