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Transcriptional subfunctionalisation is therefore one of the forces, if not the predominant one, that is responsible for the retention of the most recent duplicate F3'5'Hs in grapevine.
GRX genes in the TAG appear to be under relaxed selection, with the most recent duplicate pair recording a value for Ka/ Ks of 0.907.
In contrast, only a few primer pairs that amplified the most recent duplicate genes in Vitis genomes yielded amplicons in Parthenocissus or Ampelopsis.
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It is easier to infer that most recent duplicated maize Hsf genes formed through WGD because of the tetraploid process.
Are ancient duplicates, those preceding the GA split, relatively more abundant and more translocated through the gymnosperm genome than most recent duplicates specific to the gymnosperms?
We experimentally showed that fast-evolving paralogs are poorly expressed, and that the most recent duplicates, such as primate-specific PRDM7, acquire tissue-specificity.
Transcriptional subfunctionalisation has widely occurred within the family fandly and is detectable even between some of the most recent duplicates that diverged less than 4DTV ~0.046.
The direct repeat nature of the most recent Abp duplicates is also consistent with duplication by NAHR, which relies on LCRs flanking the duplicating region and commonly produces direct orientation.
It was also noted that several sequences identified as probable most recent gene duplicates in the two plant species were located on different chromosomes (Tables 2, 3).
Something apparently changed following this scenario, however, because the most recent Abp duplicates (a3-a23, a28, a29, bg3-bg23, and bg28-bg34; fig. 4) appear in direct, not inverse, order with respect to all members of their clade, and with respect to 3 of the 4 other clades (< bg24-a24>, < bg25-a25>, and < bg26-a26> … < bg27-a27> bg27-a27>
Furthermore, most of the recent duplicated genes in the second round duplication events are VSP genes, which are essential for the parasitic properties of G. lamblia that utilizes them to evade the host's immune response [ 22].
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