Chondroprotection was the most frequent mechanism reported within the included articles, followed by proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, anti-inflammatory, mechanical, subchondral, and analgesic actions.
Also in accordance with the literature, chronic pulmonary diseases were the most frequent causes of mechanical ventilation in our patients.
Acute respiratory failure was the most frequent reason to initiate mechanical ventilation in ten patients, postoperative complications in three patients, and septic shock in one patient.
Neurological dysfunction is one of the most frequent reasons for initiating mechanical ventilation [ 107].
The most frequent complications that develop during mechanical ventilation are ventilator-associated infections, especially ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
Isolation (41.35%) was the most frequent coercive measure, followed by mechanical restraint (33.17%) and forced medication (25.48%).
Concerning the tracheostomy indications, the most frequent was anticipation of prolonged mechanical ventilation, which occurred in 43 patients (87.8%), followed by protection of the airways, with six patients (12.2%) included in this case.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent ICU-related infection in patients requiring mechanical ventilation, who have a mortality rate ranging from 20%to50%0%, prolonging the duration of mechanical ventilation and the ICU length of stay, and increasing costs.
COPD on prolonged mechanical ventilation was the most frequent cause of admission.
