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Ferrari et al reported that 'gastrointestinal diseases' was the second most frequent comorbid disorder in CM sufferers [18].
The most frequent comorbid diseases were also balanced between the study groups.
Most frequent comorbid diseases included hypertension (77%), ventricular hypertrophy (55.3%) and cardiovascular disease (39.8%).
Further details of the most frequent comorbid conditions are listed in the online supplementary material.
In our patients the most frequent comorbid noninfectious conditions were related to cardiology, nephrology, and endocrinology.
The most frequent comorbid condition was diabetes without end organ damage (n = 24, 18.9%).
Similar(42)
COPD (37.5%) was the most frequent comorbidity.
The most frequent developed comorbid disorders after the onset of IA were of cardiovascular (23%), and musculoskeletal (17%) origin.
The most frequent pre-existing comorbid conditions in the two study populations were psychiatric comorbidities (Table 2).
Pre-existing comorbid conditions were reported for 310 (73.6%) patients, the most frequent being psychiatric comorbidities, specifically conduct disorder (19.7%), oppositional defiant disorder (17.6%), enuresis (4.3%), tic disorder (2.4%), emotional disorder of childhood (2.6%), and depression (1.4%).
Physical co-morbidity is frequent in BD patients [ 33], and pain is one of the most frequent and important causes of comorbid physical symptoms in a variety of mental illnesses.
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