Main effects analysis was performed with the full factorial design results and it was found that T had the most significant effect on the average force (Favg), while α most influenced the specific energy absorption (SEA).
RC30 exhibited the most sensitivity and excellent energy absorption capability in static and dynamic tests.
The blade plays a pivotal role, because it is the most important part of the energy absorption system.
The comparative results show that the trapezoid origami crash box is the most desirable in terms of energy absorption.
Automotive crash box is a component, equipped at the front end of a car, and is one of the most important devices for crash energy absorption.
This comparative analysis could be found beneficial when designing lightning overvoltage protection system and for selecting the most cost effective and optimal energy absorption capabilities of the surge arresters for the intended wind farms.
Non-linear effects, contacts, strain rate dependent effects, geometric imperfections and residual stresses are taken into account to achieve realistic results, which show a remarkable improvement in terms of energy absorption in most cases, and a quality agreement with experimental data.
Furthermore, the tulip triggering attributed to a lower peak crush load followed by a steady mean crush load compared to the 45° chamfering triggering profile which resulted into a higher energy absorption in most of the geometrical shapes of the composite tubes.
Moreover, the size of the microwave system is compact while compared with other methods because of the high energy applicators and direct energy absorption by most of the materials.
